> stepAIC(fit1,direction="backward") Start: AIC=-200.22 logprz ~ drive + fairway + green + putts + sandshot + sandsave Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC - fairway 1 0.010 11.750 -202.132 11.740 -200.216 - drive 1 0.397 12.138 -198.887 - sandsave 1 0.405 12.145 -198.827 - sandshot 1 1.030 12.770 -193.806 - green 1 24.960 36.700 -88.238 - putts 1 35.360 47.100 -63.289 Step: AIC=-202.13 logprz ~ drive + green + putts + sandshot + sandsave Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC 11.750 -202.132 - sandsave 1 0.400 12.150 -200.784 - drive 1 0.537 12.287 -199.665 - sandshot 1 1.034 12.784 -195.698 - green 1 32.091 43.841 -72.461 - putts 1 35.688 47.438 -64.575 Call: lm(formula = logprz ~ drive + green + putts + sandshot + sandsave, data = lpga.cv.in) Coefficients: (Intercept) drive green putts sandshot sandsave 14.272879 -0.009563 0.210379 -0.625367 0.790771 0.008334 > stepAIC(fit2,direction="forward",scope=list(upper=fit1,lower=fit2)) Start: AIC=-6.61 logprz ~ 1 Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + green 1 38.599 53.150 -59.206 + putts 1 33.043 58.706 -49.263 + drive 1 11.622 80.126 -18.156 + sandshot 1 8.951 82.798 -14.876 + sandsave 1 3.118 88.631 -8.069 91.749 -6.611 + fairway 1 0.409 91.340 -5.058 Step: AIC=-59.21 logprz ~ green Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + putts 1 39.514 13.636 -193.246 + sandsave 1 4.859 48.291 -66.793 53.150 -59.206 + fairway 1 0.635 52.514 -58.408 + drive 1 0.361 52.788 -57.888 + sandshot 1 0.004 53.146 -57.214 Step: AIC=-193.25 logprz ~ green + putts Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + sandshot 1 0.73688 12.899 -196.80 + sandsave 1 0.66486 12.971 -196.25 + drive 1 0.31495 13.321 -193.58 13.636 -193.25 + fairway 1 0.09401 13.542 -191.94 Step: AIC=-196.8 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + drive 1 0.74905 12.150 -200.78 + sandsave 1 0.61234 12.287 -199.66 12.899 -196.80 + fairway 1 0.25056 12.649 -196.76 Step: AIC=-200.78 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + sandsave 1 0.40005 11.750 -202.13 12.150 -200.78 + fairway 1 0.00524 12.145 -198.83 Step: AIC=-202.13 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive + sandsave Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC 11.75 -202.13 + fairway 1 0.0099086 11.74 -200.22 Call: lm(formula = logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive + sandsave, data = lpga.cv.in) Coefficients: (Intercept) green putts sandshot drive sandsave 14.272879 0.210379 -0.625367 0.790771 -0.009563 0.008334 > stepAIC(fit2,direction="both",scope=list(upper=fit1,lower=fit2)) Start: AIC=-6.61 logprz ~ 1 Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + green 1 38.599 53.150 -59.206 + putts 1 33.043 58.706 -49.263 + drive 1 11.622 80.126 -18.156 + sandshot 1 8.951 82.798 -14.876 + sandsave 1 3.118 88.631 -8.069 91.749 -6.611 + fairway 1 0.409 91.340 -5.058 Step: AIC=-59.21 logprz ~ green Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + putts 1 39.514 13.636 -193.246 + sandsave 1 4.859 48.291 -66.793 53.150 -59.206 + fairway 1 0.635 52.514 -58.408 + drive 1 0.361 52.788 -57.888 + sandshot 1 0.004 53.146 -57.214 - green 1 38.599 91.749 -6.611 Step: AIC=-193.25 logprz ~ green + putts Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + sandshot 1 0.737 12.899 -196.802 + sandsave 1 0.665 12.971 -196.245 + drive 1 0.315 13.321 -193.583 13.636 -193.246 + fairway 1 0.094 13.542 -191.938 - putts 1 39.514 53.150 -59.206 - green 1 45.070 58.706 -49.263 Step: AIC=-196.8 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + drive 1 0.749 12.150 -200.784 + sandsave 1 0.612 12.287 -199.665 12.899 -196.802 + fairway 1 0.251 12.648 -196.763 - sandshot 1 0.737 13.636 -193.246 - green 1 39.588 52.487 -58.460 - putts 1 40.246 53.146 -57.214 Step: AIC=-200.78 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC + sandsave 1 0.400 11.750 -202.132 12.150 -200.784 + fairway 1 0.005 12.145 -198.827 - drive 1 0.749 12.899 -196.802 - sandshot 1 1.171 13.321 -193.583 - green 1 32.886 45.036 -71.770 - putts 1 40.583 52.733 -55.993 Step: AIC=-202.13 logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive + sandsave Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC 11.750 -202.132 - sandsave 1 0.400 12.150 -200.784 + fairway 1 0.010 11.740 -200.216 - drive 1 0.537 12.287 -199.665 - sandshot 1 1.034 12.784 -195.698 - green 1 32.091 43.841 -72.461 - putts 1 35.688 47.438 -64.575 Call: lm(formula = logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + drive + sandsave, data = lpga.cv.in) Coefficients: (Intercept) green putts sandshot drive sandsave 14.272879 0.210379 -0.625367 0.790771 -0.009563 0.008334 > > ############### Fit best model > > lpga.mod1 <- lm(logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive ,data=lpga.cv.in) > summary(lpga.mod1) Call: lm(formula = logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive, data = lpga.cv.in) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -0.72852 -0.20634 0.01067 0.22439 0.72316 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 14.272879 1.580975 9.028 2.14e-14 *** green 0.210379 0.013130 16.023 < 2e-16 *** putts -0.625367 0.037011 -16.897 < 2e-16 *** sandshot 0.790771 0.274937 2.876 0.00498 ** sandsave 0.008334 0.004658 1.789 0.07684 . drive -0.009563 0.004615 -2.072 0.04098 * --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 0.3536 on 94 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.8719, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8651 F-statistic: 128 on 5 and 94 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16 > anova(lpga.mod1) Analysis of Variance Table Response: logprz Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F) green 1 38.599 38.599 308.7961 < 2e-16 *** putts 1 39.514 39.514 316.1104 < 2e-16 *** sandshot 1 0.737 0.737 5.8951 0.01709 * sandsave 1 0.612 0.612 4.8987 0.02930 * drive 1 0.537 0.537 4.2941 0.04098 * Residuals 94 11.750 0.125 --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 > drop1(lpga.mod1) Single term deletions Model: logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive Df Sum of Sq RSS AIC 11.750 -202.132 green 1 32.091 43.841 -72.461 putts 1 35.688 47.438 -64.575 sandshot 1 1.034 12.784 -195.698 sandsave 1 0.400 12.150 -200.784 drive 1 0.537 12.287 -199.665 > e <- resid(lpga.mod1) > yhat <- predict(lpga.mod1) > rstudent(lpga.mod1) 136 47 106 88 51 39 138 14 73 0.41216302 1.45482930 -0.86783820 -0.05176375 0.35772311 -1.90576779 -0.88368427 0.14800021 -0.34905813 29 135 115 78 56 132 26 79 70 0.66420097 -0.90158305 1.34927729 0.19202592 1.25585299 -1.22826632 -0.51390351 0.31903947 -0.54794966 126 111 7 143 80 116 44 92 31 -0.24813221 0.62368504 0.41980620 0.03693825 0.90546682 1.08333961 0.63630306 0.02567099 -0.60183340 110 77 41 43 13 28 15 48 3 -1.45955890 -0.61730663 -0.12898621 1.20495931 -1.37887763 -1.04471651 2.11164049 1.40227506 -0.02707809 101 37 121 11 22 72 150 122 113 0.14852671 0.99655966 -0.13428203 0.50087509 1.81935219 -0.33160108 0.54293862 -1.71401280 1.19691986 152 55 142 17 34 62 154 144 74 -0.60344452 -2.04464094 -1.96712421 -0.98253210 0.48549875 0.58365985 -0.73625371 0.07542973 0.01741040 33 66 153 125 30 32 118 91 49 -1.14203697 0.62246897 -0.19972682 -0.57236890 1.85129110 -1.89100389 -0.11356646 -2.17166408 0.64819842 156 16 87 20 75 25 96 50 18 1.48175859 0.19821420 0.99402900 0.48197674 0.83820622 -1.53453708 -0.39750129 -0.04371338 0.56837057 27 6 109 59 103 84 130 146 105 1.22181720 0.18437765 -0.96199586 1.80913977 -0.97796446 -0.39604254 -0.53561750 -0.06909590 -1.64502171 117 94 36 123 102 82 10 155 134 -2.17483929 0.34001511 0.64829538 1.04340917 0.99040248 -0.43475429 -0.41263139 -0.33028895 0.97950317 119 151 45 1 90 89 76 127 83 0.08599691 0.82209433 -1.66488963 -0.14637474 -0.17081784 0.74578775 1.22297665 0.16452768 1.69347373 69 -1.29689360 > influence.measures(lpga.mod1) Influence measures of lm(formula = logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive, data = lpga.cv.in) : dfb.1_ dfb.gren dfb.ptts dfb.sndsh dfb.sndsv dfb.driv dffit cov.r cook.d hat inf 136 -0.00379 -4.01e-02 0.041982 -0.012153 -0.061674 0.008435 0.10276 1.120 1.78e-03 0.0585 47 -0.07408 -1.02e-01 0.153183 -0.156098 0.427088 0.005605 0.48853 1.037 3.93e-02 0.1013 106 0.00530 4.64e-03 0.013645 -0.047765 -0.020433 -0.011714 -0.11073 1.032 2.05e-03 0.0160 88 -0.00901 6.00e-03 0.004289 -0.001894 0.001456 0.004129 -0.01414 1.146 3.37e-05 0.0694 51 0.00479 -1.77e-02 0.043924 -0.013817 0.059899 -0.040464 0.10735 1.153 1.94e-03 0.0826 39 0.14366 4.10e-03 -0.090021 0.230584 -0.078460 -0.165619 -0.38972 0.883 2.46e-02 0.0401 138 -0.04091 -8.95e-02 -0.014875 0.062836 0.130629 0.097211 -0.24075 1.089 9.68e-03 0.0691 14 0.01485 1.64e-02 -0.012836 -0.004326 -0.023484 -0.015092 0.03658 1.130 2.25e-04 0.0576 73 -0.01549 -6.29e-02 0.054421 -0.042310 0.033542 0.019164 -0.08949 1.127 1.35e-03 0.0617 29 -0.03191 -3.98e-02 0.073346 -0.110353 -0.027224 0.036378 0.15319 1.092 3.93e-03 0.0505 135 0.03842 -6.14e-02 0.003607 -0.074666 0.111865 -0.014798 -0.18135 1.053 5.49e-03 0.0389 115 -0.12295 4.59e-02 -0.019963 0.127960 0.232595 0.093097 0.33571 1.008 1.86e-02 0.0583 78 0.00358 2.31e-02 -0.010326 -0.015291 0.020593 -0.010884 0.05175 1.141 4.51e-04 0.0677 56 -0.06833 -1.48e-01 -0.050979 -0.138656 0.031776 0.282516 0.34720 1.038 2.00e-02 0.0710 132 0.13013 -2.54e-01 -0.081138 -0.250144 0.018625 0.133976 -0.35591 1.049 2.10e-02 0.0775 26 0.06358 -5.82e-02 -0.035091 -0.093659 -0.044773 0.015172 -0.12986 1.115 2.83e-03 0.0600 79 -0.00881 -5.97e-02 0.041362 -0.045244 0.073350 0.016560 0.10351 1.171 1.80e-03 0.0952 70 -0.00667 -3.32e-02 0.029905 -0.032553 -0.043112 0.017831 -0.08836 1.073 1.31e-03 0.0253 126 -0.01188 -3.22e-03 0.017614 0.017223 0.001398 -0.003030 -0.04043 1.090 2.75e-04 0.0259 111 0.01025 6.71e-02 -0.008895 0.230021 -0.017538 -0.104673 0.26639 1.230 1.19e-02 0.1543 * 7 0.00742 -6.35e-03 0.036542 0.012681 -0.049073 -0.034301 0.09645 1.110 1.56e-03 0.0501 143 -0.00151 2.91e-03 -0.004059 0.004869 0.000224 0.002744 0.00907 1.130 1.39e-05 0.0568 80 0.04292 1.23e-01 -0.090871 0.195049 0.007034 -0.107708 0.22959 1.077 8.80e-03 0.0604 116 0.09723 1.35e-01 -0.125325 0.087351 -0.045879 -0.124302 0.20333 1.024 6.88e-03 0.0340 44 0.04290 -1.13e-01 0.026528 -0.110249 0.044653 0.018468 0.15807 1.103 4.19e-03 0.0581 92 -0.00289 -2.64e-03 -0.000477 0.002744 -0.002238 0.006150 0.00914 1.201 1.41e-05 0.1124 * 31 -0.12981 7.72e-02 0.088751 0.047820 0.030072 0.021714 -0.16223 1.117 4.42e-03 0.0677 110 -0.17358 2.52e-01 0.149592 0.239539 -0.055800 -0.137480 -0.40562 1.003 2.71e-02 0.0717 77 -0.13307 -6.67e-02 0.164778 -0.116293 -0.006205 0.103367 -0.21372 1.165 7.66e-03 0.1070 41 0.00191 -1.70e-02 -0.003184 -0.027932 0.021771 0.015551 -0.04002 1.168 2.70e-04 0.0878 43 0.03381 -6.53e-02 0.040457 0.090899 -0.187526 -0.026207 0.29642 1.030 1.46e-02 0.0571 13 0.04338 -1.65e-01 -0.102369 -0.014835 0.169333 0.128796 -0.34528 1.004 1.97e-02 0.0590 28 0.24003 -1.39e-02 -0.143328 -0.026458 -0.111106 -0.166257 -0.27204 1.062 1.23e-02 0.0635 15 -0.00291 -1.31e-01 0.157095 0.017814 -0.056040 -0.038847 0.35327 0.828 2.01e-02 0.0272 48 -0.11396 -6.90e-02 -0.110749 0.056480 0.015041 0.301813 0.41352 1.022 2.82e-02 0.0800 3 0.00179 1.98e-03 -0.003726 0.005149 -0.001754 -0.001425 -0.00663 1.130 7.41e-06 0.0566 101 -0.02777 -2.89e-02 0.036685 -0.015741 -0.006392 0.029922 0.05005 1.186 4.22e-04 0.1020 37 0.01383 8.45e-02 -0.020750 0.034526 -0.005239 -0.065108 0.13418 1.019 3.00e-03 0.0178 121 -0.00239 -2.05e-02 0.011185 -0.013231 0.004484 0.009618 -0.02571 1.104 1.11e-04 0.0354 11 -0.09197 -1.77e-02 0.122690 -0.046591 0.060000 0.027224 0.14054 1.132 3.32e-03 0.0730 22 -0.06714 -1.32e-01 0.159329 -0.105759 -0.306770 0.117612 0.45836 0.919 3.42e-02 0.0597 72 0.02196 1.48e-02 -0.031849 -0.005088 -0.062615 -0.000917 -0.07924 1.119 1.06e-03 0.0540 150 -0.00142 5.95e-02 -0.044954 0.012367 -0.036590 0.006000 0.11049 1.090 2.05e-03 0.0398 122 0.11291 -8.03e-02 -0.096387 0.052150 -0.070153 -0.013668 -0.25710 0.905 1.08e-02 0.0220 113 -0.20502 1.92e-01 -0.064864 0.066876 0.198689 0.163527 0.44466 1.107 3.28e-02 0.1213 152 -0.03322 -2.08e-02 -0.024955 -0.025651 -0.052449 0.097338 -0.14760 1.104 3.66e-03 0.0565 55 -0.00153 -5.49e-02 0.097266 -0.043074 -0.065408 -0.036125 -0.26245 0.833 1.11e-02 0.0162 142 0.45407 3.26e-01 -0.411838 0.169324 -0.185534 -0.492579 -0.61058 0.915 6.03e-02 0.0879 17 -0.15970 1.39e-04 0.155655 -0.017740 0.068032 0.064045 -0.19783 1.043 6.52e-03 0.0390 34 -0.06207 1.09e-02 0.084672 -0.024026 0.039837 -0.001192 0.10935 1.103 2.01e-03 0.0483 62 0.06896 -3.96e-02 0.002485 -0.091560 0.045501 -0.052643 0.15332 1.115 3.95e-03 0.0645 154 -0.01205 4.44e-02 -0.028837 0.053539 0.041516 -0.009833 -0.10911 1.052 1.99e-03 0.0215 144 0.01285 -1.42e-02 -0.006101 -0.014492 -0.008569 0.003334 0.02267 1.162 8.66e-05 0.0829 74 0.00175 2.32e-04 -0.001039 0.001943 -0.002238 -0.001659 0.00382 1.118 2.45e-06 0.0459 33 -0.06335 -4.93e-02 -0.008370 0.065018 0.136463 0.090813 -0.23221 1.021 8.96e-03 0.0397 66 0.01726 1.11e-01 -0.050063 0.048038 0.021206 -0.070018 0.13705 1.090 3.15e-03 0.0462 153 -0.02100 -2.38e-02 0.020117 -0.004772 0.019881 0.024639 -0.04066 1.108 2.78e-04 0.0398 125 0.06254 -8.42e-02 0.046013 -0.059055 -0.060013 -0.047531 -0.17088 1.137 4.90e-03 0.0818 30 -0.14500 -5.27e-03 0.030611 0.127116 0.165800 0.125046 0.32474 0.885 1.71e-02 0.0299 32 -0.03875 1.39e-01 0.032763 0.192548 -0.177383 -0.102502 -0.34288 0.878 1.91e-02 0.0318 118 -0.00145 3.15e-02 0.005567 0.007596 -0.003741 -0.027690 -0.04093 1.204 2.82e-04 0.1150 * 91 -0.09715 2.38e-01 -0.169423 0.083810 -0.304622 0.144058 -0.59350 0.852 5.65e-02 0.0695 49 -0.01585 6.68e-02 0.056640 0.030855 0.073492 -0.097115 0.16608 1.106 4.63e-03 0.0616 156 0.07638 -1.93e-01 0.088909 0.127949 -0.102509 -0.059730 0.44660 1.011 3.28e-02 0.0833 16 0.00183 -2.50e-03 0.004647 -0.013025 0.011049 -0.003135 0.02757 1.084 1.28e-04 0.0190 87 -0.12026 -1.72e-01 0.093804 0.032134 0.213740 0.164084 0.33302 1.113 1.85e-02 0.1009 20 -0.03377 2.09e-04 0.054754 -0.012551 0.070178 -0.011844 0.10023 1.096 1.69e-03 0.0415 75 -0.03029 -9.55e-03 -0.015827 -0.071560 -0.033410 0.089028 0.16686 1.060 4.66e-03 0.0381 25 -0.12780 1.96e-01 0.243020 -0.098488 -0.074408 -0.164820 -0.48606 1.010 3.88e-02 0.0912 96 0.09805 5.08e-03 -0.064381 -0.008463 0.024742 -0.081739 -0.12920 1.167 2.81e-03 0.0956 50 -0.00455 -3.74e-03 0.005326 0.001861 0.002065 0.003058 -0.00908 1.112 1.39e-05 0.0414 18 -0.02455 2.10e-02 -0.018736 -0.067517 0.055665 0.045791 0.14579 1.113 3.57e-03 0.0617 27 0.00934 -2.30e-02 -0.051813 -0.101012 0.157846 0.055982 0.25300 1.011 1.06e-02 0.0411 6 -0.00704 -4.02e-04 -0.004546 0.028507 -0.012972 0.010177 0.04341 1.123 3.17e-04 0.0525 109 -0.18944 -1.21e-02 0.117429 0.062804 0.079925 0.129320 -0.22650 1.060 8.56e-03 0.0525 59 0.33555 1.61e-01 -0.255804 -0.116123 -0.427300 -0.238266 0.58259 0.956 5.52e-02 0.0940 103 -0.14657 2.08e-01 0.124429 0.046881 0.047098 -0.087361 -0.30303 1.099 1.53e-02 0.0876 84 0.05364 -6.33e-02 0.005752 -0.063483 -0.029301 -0.015372 -0.10618 1.131 1.90e-03 0.0671 130 0.00579 -3.67e-02 -0.012365 0.006124 -0.024443 0.031031 -0.08078 1.071 1.10e-03 0.0222 146 0.00833 -2.62e-03 -0.008854 0.000143 0.011898 -0.003389 -0.02036 1.159 6.98e-05 0.0799 105 -0.00467 1.70e-01 -0.152070 0.078506 0.016315 0.001267 -0.29988 0.928 1.47e-02 0.0322 117 -0.53546 2.06e-02 0.427774 -0.011447 0.191977 0.287107 -0.58144 0.848 5.42e-02 0.0667 94 0.00622 3.92e-03 0.017167 0.011345 -0.010767 -0.027713 0.05482 1.086 5.06e-04 0.0253 36 -0.03264 -2.06e-02 0.103031 -0.112978 0.001080 -0.008621 0.17364 1.112 5.06e-03 0.0669 123 0.17474 -1.05e-01 -0.003366 0.031482 -0.106243 -0.150365 0.31970 1.088 1.70e-02 0.0858 102 0.13823 -4.68e-02 -0.110529 -0.042935 -0.244997 -0.000647 0.28548 1.084 1.36e-02 0.0767 82 -0.00459 1.77e-02 0.010921 -0.022913 -0.017055 -0.009989 -0.06648 1.078 7.43e-04 0.0228 10 -0.01354 3.46e-02 0.006097 0.053572 0.018746 -0.029173 -0.07590 1.090 9.69e-04 0.0327 155 -0.00865 -2.12e-02 -0.005385 0.017395 0.026688 0.023078 -0.06258 1.097 6.59e-04 0.0347 134 -0.08287 2.83e-02 0.035091 0.000987 -0.004886 0.064742 0.14715 1.025 3.61e-03 0.0221 119 -0.00587 -5.03e-03 -0.001334 -0.008764 0.001189 0.015236 0.02027 1.125 6.92e-05 0.0526 151 0.01764 -1.01e-01 -0.024758 -0.024439 -0.062938 0.091024 0.16796 1.064 4.72e-03 0.0401 45 0.28892 -1.23e-01 -0.198752 -0.194916 0.028820 -0.085999 -0.40476 0.947 2.68e-02 0.0558 1 -0.02100 -2.45e-03 0.029467 -0.012692 0.015352 0.003080 -0.03617 1.130 2.20e-04 0.0575 90 0.02899 -2.64e-05 -0.042799 -0.019989 -0.007902 0.005913 -0.05757 1.185 5.58e-04 0.1020 89 0.03514 6.83e-02 -0.029658 -0.084473 0.083454 -0.060675 0.20664 1.108 7.15e-03 0.0713 76 0.13294 1.26e-02 -0.153911 -0.020394 0.116077 -0.057040 0.26774 1.015 1.19e-02 0.0457 127 0.01935 4.46e-02 -0.019748 0.031931 0.014028 -0.049771 0.06254 1.218 6.59e-04 0.1263 * 83 0.16385 3.77e-02 -0.148418 -0.139673 -0.175929 -0.047113 0.34342 0.925 1.93e-02 0.0395 69 0.10129 5.13e-02 -0.175396 0.147787 0.022746 -0.054345 -0.26577 0.998 1.17e-02 0.0403 > > pdf("E:\\blue_drive\\Rmisc\\graphs\\lpga1a.pdf") > plot(yhat,e) #### Run one plot at a time if running in R > qqnorm(e); qqline(e) #### Run one plot at a time if running in R > dev.off() null device 1 > shapiro.test(e) ### Test for Normal errors Shapiro-Wilk normality test data: e W = 0.9833, p-value = 0.239 > > #### Breusch-Pagan test for Constant error variance > #install.packages("lmtest") # You must have already Set CRAN Mirror under Packages Tab > library(lmtest) > > bptest(logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive ,data=lpga.cv.in,studentize=FALSE) Breusch-Pagan test data: logprz ~ green + putts + sandshot + sandsave + drive BP = 1.9306, df = 5, p-value = 0.8587 > >